Coordinating Author Information: Jaime Anderson, PhD | Sam Houston State University
Session Abstract: Background
Increasing dissatisfaction with categorical personality disorder (PD) diagnoses has led to the development of dimensional PD frameworks, such as the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD).
Previous research has shown dimensional models of personality are predictive of impairment and psychosocial functioning (Clarkin, Meehan, & Lenzweger, 2015; Sleep, Wygant, & Miller, 2018). The current study examined the utility of pathological personality traits in predicting interpersonal and functional impairment over a two-week period.
Subjects
Participants included 525 undergraduate students (80.2% female; M age = 21.09; 45.1% White, 22.9% Black/African American, 22.3% Latinx) at baseline assessment. Participants were asked to take a variety of personality and functional impairment measures at 1-week (N=343) and 2-week (N=250) time points.
Methods
At baseline, participants completed two measures online, including the Personality Inventory for the DSM-5 Short Form (PID-5-SF) and Level of Personality Functioning Scale Self Report (LPFS-SR). At Time 2 and Time 3, participants completed the LPFS-SR.
Results
Pearson correlation analyses showed moderate correlations across PID-5-SF at baseline and LPFS-SR scores (r’s=.30-.60) at both Time 2 and 3, except Antagonism at time 2 (r = .28).
We then used regression analyses to determine the extent to which PID-5-SF domains predict impairment (LPFS-SR) at time 2 and time 3. Detachment emerged as the strongest predictor in most cases, including Time 2 Identity (β=.30), Self (β=.34), Empathy (β=.34), Intimacy (β=.36) and total LPFS (β=.32) as well as Time 3 Self (β=.28), Empathy (β=.21), and Intimacy (β=.35). Negative Affectivity most strongly predicted Identity (β=.34) and LPFS total (β=.28) at Time 3.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that the PID-5 was a good predictor of future impairment in a brief period of time. Additionally, future research should examine facet scores of Detachment and further examine the lack of predictive utility of most baseline traits.
Authors:
Brooke Tompkins, BA | Sam Houston State University
Jaime Anderson, PhD | Sam Houston State University